Lewis Latimer – Improved the Lighting Industry

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Louis Howard Latimer

By

John C Abercrombie

 

Lewis Latimer was the draftsman who drafted the patent drawings for Alexander Graham Bell’s application for the telephone. He spent nights with Bell working on the technical aspects, therefore being able to rush the patent application to the patent office only hours ahead of the competition, winning the rights for Bell.

 

Latimer’s parents were escaped slaves from Virginia when he was born in Chelsea, Massachusetts in 1848. As a young boy, his father George was arrested and tried as a slave fugitive. He was defended by Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison. When the judge ordered his return to Virginia and hence being thrown back into slavery, the community raised enough money to buy his freedom.

 

George disappeared after the Dred Scott decision in 1857 because he feared being returned to the cruel life of a slave in the South. Dred Scott was taken to a free state and sued for his freedom. The United States Supreme Court ruled that no Black person had any rights under the law.

 

Latimer altered his birth certificate and was able to enlist in the UNION Navy at the age of 15. After completion of his military service, he went back to Boston, Massachusetts and got employment with Crosby & Gould patent attorneys by accepting a menial job.

While working at Crosby & Gould he taught himself mechanical drawing and drafting by observing the work of draftsmen at the firm. When the partners of the firm recognized Latimer’s talent, he was promoted from office boy to draftsman.

 

In addition to working on drawings for patents, he designed some of his own inventions. To show the diversity of his talent, the list included an improved railroad car bathroom and an early air conditioning unit.

 

In 1879 to Bridgeport, Connecticut with his entire family. He was employed by “The U.S. Electric Light Company of Bridgeport” owned by Hiram S Maxim. Maxim was a direct competitor of Thomas Edison. He worked as an assistant manager and draftsman. At the same time, he invented a method of making a better, longer lasting carbon filament for the incandescent light, receiving a patent for it in 1881.

 

In 1884, he was hired by “The Edison Electric Light Company” as an expert draftsman. He was also a key witness in the patent litigation that Edison was involved in. Opportunities were so limited for Blacks that he was the only Black in the 24-member engineering division.

 

In 1890, Latimer published a book “Incandescent Electrical Lighting – A Practical Description of the Edison System”.

 

Latimer continued working with the company after the name was changed to General Electric in 1892. By 1911, he had started working as a patent consultant for various law firms and continued until 1922.

 

Latimer had many interests outside of work. He was active in his church, showed an active interest in music, was a talented flute player, wrote theater productions and poetry. He worked with immigrants teaching them English and of course drawing.

Lewis Howard Latimer died on December 11, 1928, in Flushing, Queens, New York.

 

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We see a level of genius that we miss if we only view Blacks as slaves, incapable of advancing civilization. The focus of this post is a man who destroyed that myth. He worked with some of the greatest minds of the time and even advanced their knowledge. He was sought out by the likes of Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell for his talents. They even offered to employ him (making his discoveries theirs) an offer which he refused. It is further proof that Blacks were as capable as anyone else. The story of Latimer should stand as inspiration to ALL. People are capable of more than people give them credit for and the only person that can limit you is YOU. Believe in yourself and what you are capable of doing!

 

 

 

 

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