Fuller, Solomon Carter – Alzheimer’s pioneer, and First Black Psychiatrist In America
By
John C Abercrombie
Dr Solomon Carter Fuller is a pioneer in the field of medicine who studied Alzheimer’s disease and made some discoveries before Dr Alois Alzheimer for whom the disease dreaded disease is named. They worked together and Dr Fuller published in both English and German.
Alzheimer’s disease is a condition in which nerve cells in the brain drop out, causing a gradual decline in memory and cognitive function. It is devastating not only to the affected person but to those who love the affected person as they slowly change before your very eyes and you are helpless in your desire to help them, to reverse the ravages of the disease.
Dr Fuller was also the first Black psychiatrist. Psychiatrists are medical doctors who are able to prescribe medications, which they do in conjunction with providing psychotherapy, though medical and pharmacological interventions are often their focus.
He was born in Monrovia, Liberia to descendants of American enslaved parents. They moved to Liberia as part of a movement to start a country for free and formerly enslaved Blacks to relocate back to Africa.
His father became a successful coffee planter and an official in the government there. His mother Ursula was the daughter of physicians and medical missionaries, who had been slaves in Virginia. They were part of the development of the nation of Liberia that was developed by African Americans and liberated African slaves.
Fuller’s mother set up a school to teach Solomon and other children in the area. Fuller also studied at the College Preparatory School of Monrovia.
He had a keen interest in medicine given that his maternal grandparents were medical missionaries in Liberia. Fuller moved to the United States to study at Livingstone College in Salisbury, North Carolina, graduating in 1893. Livingstone College is an HBCU located in Salisbury, North Carolina.
Livingstone College is a private historically Black Christian college in Salisbury, North Carolina. It is affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church. Livingstone College is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award bachelor’s degrees.
Later he attended Long Island College Medical School.
Fuller completed his MD degree from Boston University School of Medicine in 1897. Boston University School of Medicine was a homeopathic institution open to students of all races and genders.
Homeopathy was developed in the late 1700s in Germany. It is common in many European countries, but it is not as popular in the United States.
He completed his MD degree in 1897 from Boston University School of Medicine. It was a homeopathic institution open to students of all races and genders. He pursued further research at the Royal Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Munich, Germany, conducting research under Emil Kraepelin and Alois Alzheimer.
It is important to note that while the stereotype was running rampant that Blacks were not capable, had no ambition or self-direction, there are many examples where that is not true. People like this did not suddenly appear on the earth. Think of all of the great talents that were squandered by the rich in search of cheap labor. In order for America to stay out front they can no longer squander such valuable resources. Opportunities must be offered to all.
The majority of Dr Fuller’s career was spent practicing as a neuropathologist at Westborough State Hospital in Westborough, Massachusetts. He completed a two-year internship in neuropathology before being selected personally by Dr Alois Alzheimer, for whom the disease is named. Dr Alois Alzheimer selected him to conduct at the Royal Psychiatric Hospital at the University of Munich. Emil Kraepelin headed this facility. We see in Dr Fuller a competent doctor who spoke well in at two languages yet will not receive full credit for his work because of his skin color.
While there, he performed ground-breaking research on the physical changes that occur in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease patients. Approximately one year later, he returned to Westborough State Hospital with his new knowledge. He developed and edited the Westborough State Hospital Papers, a journal that began publishing results of local research.
Dr Fuller worked with Alois Alzheimer, the psychiatrist credited with publishing the first case of presenile dementia. While working as a clinical pathologist, Fuller noted that amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles may be significant biomarkers for the study of Alzheimer’s disease, separate from arteriosclerosis, the then-assumed cause of disease.
Fuller collaborated with patients with chronic alcoholism, noting the neuropathology of the disease. In 1909, Fuller was a speaker at the Clark University Conference organized by G. Stanley Hall, which was attended by such notable scientists and intellectuals as anthropologist Franz Boaz, psychiatrists Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, philosopher William James, and Nobel laureates Ernest Rutherford and Albert A. Michelson. Fuller’s seminal publications, a two-part review of Alzheimer’s disease, came in 1912 and was the first English translation of the first Alzheimer’s case. Many of Fuller’s contributions to scientific literature were forgotten for decades, but his discoveries continue to guide research today.
In 1919, Fuller left Westborough State Hospital to join the faculty at Boston University School of Medicine. He served as an associate professor until 1933, at which time he left academia after recognizing racial disparities in the salary and promotion processes of his time. It was common for Blacks to be paid less for producing more than White colleagues. Not only is it a slap in the face, but the effects are lingering through such things as generational wealth and the opportunity to further the research or work that is so valuable. This practice is still alive and well today, unfortunately.
Upon retirement from academia, however, he received the title of Emeritus Professor of Neurology at Boston University. He continued in private practice as a physician, neurologist, and psychiatrist for many years.
When the Veterans Administration opened the Tuskegee Veterans Administration Medical Center after World War I with an entirely Black staff, Fuller was instrumental in recruiting and training Black psychiatrists for key positions. We see once again that it is not intellect but opportunity that makes the difference. To base that on the color of the skin or a person’s gender is ridiculous.
For most of his life, Fuller lived in Framingham, Massachusetts with his wife, the sculptor Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller. They had three children.[1] After losing his eyesight in 1944, Fuller was unable to continue practicing and passed away in 1953, at the age of 81 years, due to advanced diabetes and gastrointestinal malignancy.
Once again, we see major injury inflicted on the citizens of America because of the color of a person’s skin. Dr Fuller was ahead of his time with his dedication to science. Was making tremendous strides towards understanding the dreaded disease Alzheimer’s, yet he was not fairly compensated, promoted or his work not acknowledged and funded because of the color of his skin. Just think how many people could have benefitted from his work, had it been judged on the quality of the work and not the color of the skin of the person conducting it. We cannot continue at the top of our game with these antiquated practices. Opportunity for all is the way to go.
The irony of the entirety is that Dr Fuller could have been helped by another Livingstone Grad, Dr James R Gavin III, who specializes in diabetics. For all of you who may be suffering from this disease, it is no joke!
Dr Gavin post
https://amazingblackhistory.com/2022/02/21/diabetes-dr-james-r-gavin-iii/
It is time to recognize the value of HBCU’s, they produce a quality product, second to none.
**
Fuller, Dr Solomon Carter p2
We strive to bring to you the amazing accomplishments that have been hidden from mainstream history. With gross omissions, we are left with a false impression that is detrimental to both White and Black. Whites honestly don’t have any idea of what we have done, what we are capable and therefore our value. This affects Blacks who have been denied their identity and sometimes lose hope. This shows that we all belong and can contribute to a fantastic team. There is no harm done to either group and we all benefit. We are given a small royalty for driving traffic to these partners and in return they pay us a small royalty without any cost to you. Most of us use these partners already.
We can use any link to shop from. It is not necessary to purchase the product in the link. By clicking the link, you can shop for all of your needs. If there is a product in the cart that you do not want, simply click on it and the option to remove it displays. Click it. We both benefit!
**
Do not leave yet. There are videos and books that enhance your learning. Keep scrolling!
To support our work, we have come up with a plan that we can all benefit from. We have partnered with businesses such as Amazon.
Audible Gift Memberships
These make great gifts for yourself and others. Outstanding for those off to College.
Audible Gift Membership, which is available in 1, 3, 6 and 12-month membership options.
**
Try Audible Premium Plus and Get Up to Two Free Audiobooks
Audible, an Amazon company, offers the world’s largest selection of digital audiobooks and spoken word content. With Audible, customers can listen anytime and anywhere to professionally narrated audiobooks across a wide range of genres.
I have access to hundreds of books on my cell phone and with a pair of ear buds or a headset, I can listen anywhere. I can even change between devices and not lose a word. One of my favorites.
Try Audible Premium Plus and Get Up to Two Free Audiobooks
**
Join Amazon Prime – Watch Thousands of Movies & TV Shows Anytime – Start Free Trial Now
Our membership program offers special benefits for just $99 per year:
*Unlimited instant streaming of thousands of movies and TV shows
*FREE Two-Day Shipping on millions of items
*Unlimited, ad-free streaming of over a million songs and more Prime benefits
Join Amazon Prime – Watch Thousands of Movies & TV Shows Anytime – Start Free Trial Now
**
Prime Student 6-month Trial
Outstanding option for Students!
Our membership program offers special benefits to college students including:
* Unlimited FREE Two-Day Shipping (with no minimum order size)
* Exclusive deals and promotions for college students
**
Register a SNAP EBT card.
This allows you to use it for eligible items!
**
Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller Discovered the Cause Of Alzheimer’s Disease | Black History Month
Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller is credited as being the first African American Psychiatrist. In fact, it was Dr. Fuller who discovered the cause of Alzheimer’s disease, which confirmed Dr. Alois Alzheimer’s beliefs. The groundbreaking discovery opened doors in Dr. Fuller’s career leading him to becoming an associate professor at Boston University Medical School, studying the causes of schizophrenia and teaching doctors in Tuskegee, Alabama how to diagnose syphilis in their patients. Like so many accomplished African Americans in the 20th century, Dr. Fuller did not live to receive the accolades his work deserved. However, today, BU medical students learn at the Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller Mental Health Center, which opened in 1974. Salute to Dr. Fuller for his extraordinary contributions to medicine.
February is #BlackHistoryMonth so throughout the month we’ll be honoring influential African Americans whose stories you might not yet know. Some are pioneers in their field, some helped spark the civil rights movement and all have contributed incredible things to not only black history, but to the history of the United States as a whole.
**
Book
Alzheimer’s Through the Stages: A Caregiver’s Guide: What to Expect, What to Say,What to Do
Caring for your loved one (and yourself) through Alzheimer’s…
Alzheimers books should help everyone involved through this incredibly difficult time. That’s why Alzheimer’s Through the Stages shows you what you can do for your loved one – and yourself – every step of the way. This book’s detailed descriptions of all seven stages of the disease are both helpful and comforting.
With each section divided into three parts – what to expect, what to say, and what to do – this is one of the easiest to use Alzheimers books for caregivers.
Alzheimer’s Through the Stages includes:
A complete guide: Go beyond other Alzheimers books as you learn what’s happening and what you should do during all seven stages of the disease.
Easy-to-use advice: Detailed guides and sample dialogues help you handle everything from doctor visits to mood swings – making this one of the most useful Alzheimers books.
Self-care for caregivers: Discover the importance of your own well-being and how taking care of yourself is critical to successful caregiving. Discover one of the only Alzheimers books that lets you concentrate on what matters most – caring for both your loved one and yourself.
**
Apple iPhone 13 Pro Max (1TB, Silver) [Locked] + Carrier Subscription
by Apple
Price:
$65.96/month for 24 months for this iPhone with equal monthly payments offer upon approval for an Amazon Store Card.
or $1,583.01
This phone must be purchased with a monthly carrier plan and will be locked to the selected carrier.
Get up to $100.00 over 24 months added to your Amazon.com Gift Card balance ($4.17/month every month you’re subscribed). Limit 1 iPhone and wireless plan per account. Learn more
FREE delivery: Wednesday, July 26
Order within 13 hrs and 35 mins Details
In Stock.
Ships from and sold by Amazon.com.
https://amzn.to/44S9Xo4
**
Who was Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller? LC grad
In honor of Black History Month, the Westborough Historical Society sponsored this informative presentation – “Who was Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller?” He was the first Black psychiatrist in the U.S. did ground-breaking research in Alzheimer’s Disease and other mental diseases at Westborough State Hospital from 1899-1933. This presentation was done by Dr. Edith Jolin, Boston University School of Medicine with the Westborough Historical Society.
**
Book
Mayo Clinic on Alzheimer’s Disease and other Dementias, 2nd Ed: A guide for people with dementia and those who care for them
It can be terrifying to witness a loved one’s cognitive decline. But for millions of families around the world, that fear becomes reality year after year. Researchers estimate that more than 150 million people around the world could be living with dementia by 2050. While there is currently no known cure for dementia, Mayo Clinic on Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias combines the latest research on preventive methods, current treatment options, and advice for living well with dementia, to help those affected by the disease.
Traditionally, very little has been known about Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementias. But recent advances in medical research shine a light on information previously unknown about these debilitating diseases.
In the seventh edition of Mayo Clinic on Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, expert neurologists from the Mayo Clinic organize this new research into a thorough and digestible guidebook that provides caregivers with the most up-to-date information regarding the disease. The book presents a comprehensive look at the typical symptoms associated with dementia, current findings regarding common causes of the disease, and gives essential tips for managing the day-to-day challenges of caring for someone with dementia.
While Alzheimer’s disease is the most well-known type of dementia, Mayo Clinic on Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias also touches on other types of dementia—like Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal degeneration, and vascular cognitive impairment—and how these conditions are frequently developed.
Additionally, this book provides a transparent look at the neurological changes that can occur within a dementia patient’s brain, and details how to differentiate between the signs of normal aging versus aging with dementia.
Though dementia-related diseases are one of the fastest-growing epidemics in the world, Mayo Clinic on Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias provides an invaluable reference guide on dementia, helping bring peace of mind to those affected by the disease and their caretakers.
**
HP OfficeJet Pro 8025e Wireless Color All-in-One Printer with bonus 6 free months Instant Ink with HP+ (1K7K3A), Gray
Notice the bonus of ink for six months!
About this item
6 MONTHS FREE INK when you activate HP+ – Includes 6 months free subscription for Instant Ink delivery service with HP+ activation. Ink ships automatically so you never run out. After 6 months, monthly fee applies unless cancelled, and you save up to 50%.
INCLUDES FREE HP+ SMART FEATURES – Activate HP+ free to get advanced features for mobile printing, security, automatic updates and more. HP+ only works with an HP account, internet connection and Original HP Ink for the life of the printer.
BEST FOR SMALL BUSINESSES AND HOME OFFICES – Print professional-quality color documents like forms, reports, brochures and presentations
KEY FEATURES – Fast color print, copy, scan and fax, plus 2-sided printing, mobile and wireless printing, and an auto document feeder
FAST PRINT SPEEDS – Print up to 20 pages per minute in black and 10 pages per minute in color
DUAL BAND WI-FI – Self-healing Wi-FiTM automatically detects and resolves connection issues
HP SMART APP – Print, scan and copy from your phone—from anywhere. Get additional advanced features with HP+.
**
AAHIAH episode #50 “THE DR. SOLOMON CARTER FULLER STORY”
A pioneering neurologist, psychiatrist, pathologist, and professor, Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller was not only the first Black psychiatrist in the United States but was the person who, in the very early stages of Alzheimer’s research, did the most to reveal the true nature of the disease. Yet, during his lifetime, his numerous contributions to medical science were largely neglected by academia…simply because of the color of his skin.
In 1909, Dr. Fuller married prominent sculptor, painter, poet, and theater designer Meta Vaux Warrick. She was one of the first American artists to deal frankly and directly with the emotionally charged subject of Black life in America at the turn of the twentieth century. The couple settled in Framingham, MA.
____________
The African American History Is AMERICAN History (AAHIAH) Video Series has received endorsements from: The Harlem Historical Society, Howard University, Newton North High School, Anson County Early College High School, Don Buchwald & Associates, SoBro (South Bronx Overall Economic Development Corporation)…and Henry Louis Gates Jr.
FROM THE BOSTON GLOBE (JANUARY 11, 2022):
Medicare said it will limit coverage of a $28,000-a-year Alzheimer’s drug whose benefits have been widely questioned, a major development in the nation’s tug-of-war over the fair value of new medicines that offer tantalizing possibilities but come with prohibitive prices.
The initial determination from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services means that patients taking Biogen’s Aduhelm medication will have to be part of research efforts to assess the drug’s effectiveness in slowing the progression of dementia.
This video is available, click the link and watch it on YouTube.
**
Book
Dementia Home Care: How to Prepare Before, During, and After
Dementia caregivers cope with repetitive questions, mood swings, lost personal space, and live with exhaustion, frustration, and anger. You may not know how to prepare.
Dementia Home Care covers:
Life hacks like camouflaging doors to prevent wandering, or “mom” bags for life’s little emergencies and what to stock in it for road trips
Distraction Techniques–Nursery Rhymes, warm blankets, food
Hoarding–Thinning “collections” during sleep periods, removing trash completely from premises, canceling subscriptions, blocking shopping channels
Information needed by emergency medical personnel–what is needed on a medication list, and list of physical ailments
Working with your Pharmacist–drug interaction checks
Memory Aids–memory boards, memory books, flash cards
Powers of Attorney–Power of Attorney Health Care, Durable Power of Attorney
Death–Contacting the Credit Bureaus to add a Death Watch when a family member dies, reporting a death to Social Security, obtaining death certificates
Distinguishing the difference between a hallucination and delusion
The empty-nester experience after the loss of a loved one–to a nursing facility or to death
These are a few of the skills and tips covered in Dementia Home Care. While these tools will not stop dementia, they may ease your pain–and these skills can be taught to anyone. Whether you read from cover to cover or are a page-fanner, Dementia Home Care will help you maintain your humor and your emotional connection with your loved one longer.
The purpose of Dementia Home Care is to help you look back with pride and joy.
**
HP 15 Laptop, 15.6″ HD Screen, Intel Pentium N5030 Processor, 16GB DDR4 RAM, 1TB SSD, HDMI, Media Card Reader, RJ45, Wi-Fi, Windows 11 Home, Black
Visit the HP Store
About this item
【
High Speed RAM And Enormous Space】16GB high-bandwidth RAM to smoothly run multiple applications and browser tabs all at once; 1TB SATA M.2 Solid State Drive allows to fast bootup and data transfer
【Processor】Intel Pentium N5030 (4 cores, 4 threads, 4 MB cache, 1.1GHz base clock, Up to 3.1GHz at Maximum Turbo Speed), Intel UHD Graphics
【Display】15.6″ diagonal, HD (1366 x 768), micro-edge, BrightView, 220 nits, 45% NTSC
【Tech Specs】1 x USB 2.0 Type-C, 2 x USB 2.0 Type-A, 1 x HDMI, 1 x Headphone/Microphone Combo, 1 x RJ-45, 1 x Media Card Reader, 1 x AC smart pin; Wi-Fi 5 and Bluetooth Combo
【Operating System】Windows 11 Home – Beautiful, more consistent new design, Great window layout options, Better multi-monitor functionality, Improved performance features, New videogame selection and capabilities, Compatible with Android Apps
› See more product details
**
2018 Solomon Carter Fuller
Memory Screening Day LectureEach year during African American History Month, the Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, in conjunction with the Alzheimer’s & Dementia Alliance of Wisconsin, hosts the Solomon Carter Fuller Memory Screening Day. This annual educational gathering raises awareness about Alzheimer’s disease in the African American community. Dr. Cerise Elliott of the National Institute on Aging was the 2018 keynote speaker.
**
Book
Alzheimer’s Through the Stages: A Caregiver’s Guide
How to stay strong, together—through all the stages of Alzheimer’s
Alzheimers books should help everyone involved through this incredibly difficult time. That’s why Alzheimer’s Through the Stages shows you what you can do for your loved one—and yourself—every step of the way. This book’s detailed descriptions of all seven stages of the disease are both helpful and comforting.
With each section divided into three parts—what to expect, what to say, and what to do—this is one of the easiest to use Alzheimers books for caregivers.
Alzheimer’s Through the Stages includes:
A COMPLETE GUIDE—Go beyond other Alzheimers books as you learn what’s happening and what you should do during all 7 stages of the disease.
EASY-TO-USE ADVICE—Detailed guides and sample dialogues help you handle everything from doctor visits to mood swings—making this one of the most useful Alzheimers books.
SELF-CARE FOR CAREGIVERS—Discover the importance of your own wellbeing and how taking care of yourself is critical to successful caregiving.
Discover one of the only Alzheimers books that lets you concentrate on what matters most—caring for both your loved one and yourself.
**
Amazon.com Gift Card in a Congratulations or Graduation Style Gift Box (Various Designs)
Gift Card is nested inside a specialty gift box
Gift Card has no fees and no expiration date
No returns and no refunds on Gift Cards
Gift Card is redeemable towards millions of items storewide at Amazon.com
Scan and redeem any Amazon Gift Card with a mobile or tablet device via the Amazon App
Free One-Day Shipping (where available)
Customized gift message, if chosen at check-out, only appears on packing slip and not on the actual gift card or carrier
Amazon.com Gift Cards are subject to our Terms and Conditions . Have an Amazon Gift Card? Redeem it here
**
Solomon Carter Fuller: Alzheimer research pioneer + 1st Black psychiatrist |
Black History Facts
If you’re interested in learning about the neurologist who made tremendous contributions to the field of neurology, was a pioneer in Alzheimer’s research, and is recognized as America’s first Black psychiatrist, then my Solomon Carter Fuller Black History Facts profile is for you.
**
Bargin of the day. See clock in lower left for time remaining
**
You have seen these amazing items on TV. Get them here!
**
As you read posts about amazing people like this, remember that intellect did not just drop out of the sky and hit these people in the head. It has always been there but not included in mainstream history. It was hidden to justify the brutal enslavement of Black people enslaved to profit the few rich Whites in America. Stories of superiority and inferiority are manufactured for the convenience of the rich and those who subscribe to the theory of supremacy. It is time to discuss and resolve the imagined difference!
Remember HBCU’s are great institutions and exist because we were not welcomed into White institutions. We all are entitled to opportunity. Take it when it is present and show your stuff.